Starters for Forklift

Starter for Forklifts - The starter motor of today is usually either a series-parallel wound direct current electric motor that consists of a starter solenoid, that is similar to a relay mounted on it, or it could be a permanent-magnet composition. As soon as current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, basically through a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive pinion which is located on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion using the starter ring gear that is seen on the engine flywheel.

Once the starter motor starts to turn, the solenoid closes the high-current contacts. As soon as the engine has started, the solenoid has a key operated switch that opens the spring assembly to be able to pull the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This particular action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by an overrunning clutch. This allows the pinion to transmit drive in just one direction. Drive is transmitted in this method via the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion remains engaged, for example because the operator fails to release the key as soon as the engine starts or if there is a short and the solenoid remains engaged. This actually causes the pinion to spin independently of its driveshaft.

This aforesaid action stops the engine from driving the starter. This is an important step in view of the fact that this type of back drive would enable the starter to spin so fast that it could fly apart. Unless adjustments were done, the sprag clutch arrangement will prevent using the starter as a generator if it was made use of in the hybrid scheme discussed earlier. Typically a regular starter motor is intended for intermittent use that would prevent it being used as a generator.

The electrical components are made to work for more or less 30 seconds in order to stop overheating. Overheating is caused by a slow dissipation of heat is because of ohmic losses. The electrical parts are designed to save weight and cost. This is the reason the majority of owner's manuals utilized for vehicles suggest the driver to stop for a minimum of 10 seconds right after each 10 or 15 seconds of cranking the engine, when trying to start an engine that does not turn over instantly.

During the early part of the 1960s, this overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased onto the market. Previous to that time, a Bendix drive was utilized. The Bendix system operates by placing the starter drive pinion on a helically cut driveshaft. As soon as the starter motor begins spinning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly allows it to ride forward on the helix, thus engaging with the ring gear. Once the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear allows the pinion to exceed the rotating speed of the starter. At this point, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and thus out of mesh with the ring gear.

In the 1930s, an intermediate development between the Bendix drive was made. The overrunning-clutch design that was developed and introduced during the 1960s was the Bendix Folo-Thru drive. The Folo-Thru drive has a latching mechanism along with a set of flyweights in the body of the drive unit. This was better as the typical Bendix drive used to be able to disengage from the ring when the engine fired, even though it did not stay running.

The drive unit if force forward by inertia on the helical shaft when the starter motor is engaged and begins turning. Then the starter motor becomes latched into the engaged position. Once the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is attained by the starter motor itself, like for instance it is backdriven by the running engine, and next the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and permits the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, hence unwanted starter disengagement could be prevented previous to a successful engine start.

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